Abstract Market demands lead companies to improve their processes by implementing quality management. Quality management is inserted to support decision-making in quality control assessments to allow variability reduction, achieving homogeneity when added to the standardization of methodologies, which is the main characteristic desired by the industry. Our study seek to analyze if quality control of silvicultural operations in a forest-based company showed an increased compliance index between 2012 and 2016; and to analyze the efficiency of quality control evaluation through comparative analyzes with the methodology proposed by Shewhart for the most outlier operation. The evaluations have shown that quality assessments did not present a regular evolutionary pattern in the period evaluated. The herbicide application activity was the most outlier operation, since it did not show a trend for constant improvement.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to technically evaluate loading and unloading with different wood lengths . Data used were obtained from log harvesting areas of a forestry company in southern Brazil, on operations with loblolly pine logs. The study addressed the analysis of time and motion, being divided into loading, unloading, mooring and unmooring. Four treatments with different log lengths, number of safety straps and number of sampled vehicles were analyzed. Analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to evaluate differences among treatments. Loading and unloading productivity increase of 114% and 92% was observed, respectively, when log length increased from 2.4 m to 7 m. When log length increased, productivity and yield of hours/work also increased. Loading was negatively influenced by the environment where the activity was carried out.

Abstract The progress of mechanization in the forest harvest has reinforced the competitiveness of the production sector in Brazil, although the use of machines in sloping areas is a technical and operational challenge for equipment engineering. This work aims to evaluate the operational and production costs of harvester 911.3 X3M and forwarder 860.4 with auxiliary traction crane in mountainous areas and to analyze the influence of each variable on costs. The data are from areas of eucalyptus repopulation in Minas Gerais. A production cost of USD 4.59 m-³ was observed for the harvester. The forwarder presented a cost of production of USD 2.75 m-³. It is concluded that these machines can operate in mountainous situations with costs equivalent to those of other machines, without significant losses of productivity with the increase of the slope. In addition, the acquisition value of the equipment was the variable that most influenced the operational cost and that the newer the machine, the greater the influence of the price of the fuel, while the more used, the more influence maintenance costs and repairs.

Resumen El avance de la mecanización en la cosecha forestal viene a reforzar los índices de competitividad del sector de producción en Brasil, aunque el uso de máquinas en zonas de pendiente sea un desafío técnico y operacional para la ingeniería de equipos. Este trabajo pretende evaluar los costos operacionales y de producción del harvester 911.3 X3M y del forwarder 860.4 con grúa de tracción auxiliar, en situaciones montañosas y analizar la influencia de cada variable en los costos. Los datos analizados fueron de áreas de repoblación de eucaliptos en Minas Gerais. Se observó un costo de producción de USD 4.59 m-3 (a costos de 2017 en todos los casos) para el harvester. El forwarder presentó un costo de producción de USD 2.75 m-3. Se concluye que estas máquinas pueden operar en situaciones montañosas con costos equivalentes a los de otras máquinas, sin pérdidas significativas de productividad con el aumento de la pendiente. Además, se notó que el valor de adquisición del equipo fue la variable que más influyó en el costo operacional y, entre más nueva la máquina, mayor influencia tiene el precio del combustible; por otro lado, cuanto más usada, más influencia tienen los costos de mantenimiento y reparaciones.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, identificar e quantificar os 15 principais gêneros e espécies florestais exploradas legalmente no estado do Acre, na Amazônia brasileira, bem como analisar o número de autorizações emitidas para exploração de florestas manejadas, o volume de madeira e a área de manejo licenciada pelo Instituto de Meio Ambiente do Acre de janeiro de 2005 a agosto de 2012. Os dados coletados demonstraram que a área e o volume de madeira licenciados apresentaram um crescimento no período analisado, atingindo o ápice em 2010 e 2011, respectivamente. Os 15 principais gêneros e espécies licenciados foram: cumaru-ferro (Dipteryx spp.), garapeira (Apuleia spp.), sumaúma (Ceiba spp.), açacu (Hura crepitans L.), matamatá (Eschweilera spp.), jatobá (Hymenaea spp.), tauari (Couratari spp.), manitê (Brosimun spp.), caucho (Castilla ulei Warb.), cedro (Cedrela spp.), guariúba (Clarisia racemosa Ruiz e Pav.), faveira (Parkia spp.), copaíba (Copaifera spp.), guaribeiro (Phyllocarpus riedelii Tul.) e abiurana (Pouteria spp.).

The present study aimed to assess, identify and quantify the fifteen main forest genus and species legally exploited in the state of Acre, Brazilian Amazon, as well as to analyze the number of authorizations issued to the exploitation of managed forests, the total wood volume, and total managed area licensed by the Environmental Institute of Acre (IMAC) from January 2005 to August 2012. Gathered data showed that the licensed area and volume had an increase during the analyzed period, reaching the highest numbers in 2010 and 2011, respectively. The fifteen main genus and species licensed were: Cumaru-ferro (Dipteryx spp.), Garapeira (Apuleia spp.), Sumaúma or Silk Floss tree (Ceiba spp.), Açacu or Sandbox tree (Hura crepitans L.), Matamatá (Eschweilera spp.), Jatoba (Hymenaea spp.), Tauari (Couratari spp.), Manitê (Brosimun spp.), Caucho (Castilla ulei Warb.), Cedro (Cedrela spp.), Guariúba (Clarisia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.), Faveira (Parkia spp.), Copaiba (Copaifera spp.), Guaribeiro (Phyllocarpus riedelii Tul.) and Abiurana or Pouteria trees (Pouteria spp.).

O presente estudo teve como objetivos diagnosticar e quantificar as principais espécies florestais tropicais e exóticas comercializadas na Microrregião Geográfica de Florianópolis, bem como identificar sua origem e verificar as tendências do comércio de madeira serrada na região. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas nos estabelecimentos que comercializam madeira serrada na região. As principais espécies tropicais comercializadas são o angelim e o cambará, enquanto que, entre as espécies exóticas, predominam os gêneros Pinus e Eucalyptus. O consumo mensal foi estimado em 7.000 m³ de madeira serrada, sendo 2.000 m³ de espécies nativas, 3.500 m³ de Pinus e 1.560 m³ de Eucalyptus. O maior percentual de madeira serrada das espécies tropicais provém do Mato Grosso (38%), enquanto Santa Catarina (95%) é o principal fornecedor de madeira de Pinus e Eucalyptus.

In the present study, we aimed to diagnose and quantify the most important tropical and exotic timber species commercialized in the region of Florianópolis, as well as identify their origin and verify the trends of the lumber market in the area. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with retailers in the region. The main tropical species commercialized are angelim and cambará, while the exotic species are mainly from the genus Pinus and Eucalyptus. The monthly lumber volume commercialized was estimated at 7.000m³, of which 2.000m³ were from native species, and 3.500m³ and 1.560m³ from Pinus and Eucalyptus species, respectively. The highest percentage of tropical sawnwood species comes from Mato Grosso state (38%), while Santa Catarina state (95%) is the main supplier of Pine and Eucalyptus wood.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as operações de corte florestal do harvester 911.3 X3M em diferentes classes de declividade e sentidos de operação, bem como avaliar os movimentos nas distintas operações da máquina. Este harvester foi desenvolvido na Alemanha para atuar em declividades de até 40º e ainda não havia sido utilizado em plantações florestais no Brasil. Os resultados evidenciaram que a produtividade não decresceu com o aumento da declividade, assim como os diferentes sentidos de operação não influenciaram no volume de madeira colhido por hora.

This study aims to evaluate the performance of a harvester 911.3 X3M in harvesting operations at different slope terrain classes and directions (upward and downward), as well as the movements in the various machine operations. This harvester was developed in Germany to operate on slopes of up to 40º and has not yet been used in forest plantations in Brazil. Results showed that the productivity did not decrease with increased slope, and upward and downward directions of operation did not influence the volume of timber harvested per hour.